Volcanoes


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    A volcano is an opening (or rupture) in the Earth's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash and gases to escape from deep below the surface. Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a period of time.

    Volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates pull apart or are coming together. A mid-oceanic ridge, like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has examples of volcanoes caused by "divergent tectonic plates" pulling apart; the Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by "convergent tectonic plates" coming together. By contrast, volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching of the Earth's crust and where the crust grows thin (called "non-hotspot intraplate volcanism"), such as in the African Rift Valley, the European Rhine Graben with its Eifel volcanoes, the Wells Gray-Clearwater Volcanic Field and the Rio Grande Rift in North America.

    Finally, volcanoes can be caused by "mantle plumes", so-called "hotspots"; these hotspots can occur far from plate boundaries, such as the Hawaiian Islands    [more..]

    A volcanic fissure and lava channel.
    A volcanic fissure and lava channel.





    Featured Volcanoes:

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      1. Mount Vesuvius


      Location: east of Naples, Italy
      Elevation: 1,281 m (4,203 ft)
      Listing: --
      Type: Stratovolcano
      Description:
      A hump-backed shape mountain, the area near the crater is covered with lava flows and ash, but the lower slopes are covered with vegetation and vineyards.
      Diameter at base (approx.):
      10 km (6 miles)
      Crater diameter:
      700 m (2296 ft)
      Type of eruptions: mostly Plinian ..more
      Last eruption: 1944
      Nearby population: Naples downtown (1 million inhabitants) is 15 km (9 miles) from the crater and small villages are all around the volcano.
      Open to visitors / climbing : Yes ..more

      In the Web:



    Vesuvio
    Image by bekahpaige

    more photos on Flickr.com



      Nearby volcanoes: Campi Flegrei, Solfatara, Mount Epomeo, Stromboli, Vulcano and Etna


      2. Mount Rainier


      Location:
      Cascade Range - Pierce County, Washington, USA

      Elevation: 14,411 ft (4,392.5 m)
      Prominence: 4,023 m - No. 21 in the world ..more
      Listing: Ultra ..more
      Type: Stratovolcano
      Description:
      Massive dormant volcano, with two ice-covered craters and glaciers surrounded by alpine meadows. The slopes hold dense forests of conifers.
      Diameter at base (approx.):
      20 km (12 miles)
      Crater diameter:
      380 m (1246 ft) East crater
      Last eruption: 1894
      Nearby population: Seattle (2.7 million inhabitants) is 54 miles (87 km) northwest. Tacoma is 40 miles.
      Open to visitors / climbing : Yes ..more

      In the Web:



    Mount Rainier looking toward Paradise
    Image by Bob Noble Photography

    more photos on Flickr.com



      Nearby volcanoes and peaks: Mount St. Helens, Mount Adams, Mount Hood, Glacier Peak, Mount Baker


      3. Mount Merapi


      Location: Border of Central Java / Yogyakarta - Indonesia
      Elevation: 2,968 metres (9,738 ft)
      Listing: --
      Type: Stratovolcano
      Description:
      Very active volcano of conical shape. Dense vegetation covers the slopes of the volcano, but the top is covered with heavy ash deposits and lava flows.
      Diameter at base (approx.):
      11 km (7 miles)
      Last eruption: Oct. 26 2010
      Nearby population: Yogyakarta (0.6 million) is 17 miles (28 km) southwest. Small villages are all around the volcano.
      Open to visitors / climbing : Yes ..more

      In the Web:



    View of Mount Merapi Santika Hotel
    Image by Keith Kelly

    more photos on Flickr.com



      Nearby volcanoes: Mount Merabu and others


      4. Lanin Volcano


      Location: Argentina / Chile Border
      Elevation: 3,747 m (12,293 ft)
      Prominence: 2,624 m
      Listing: Ultra ..more
      Type: Stratovolcano
      Description:
      Massive dormant volcano, with an ice-clad, shaped cone. The lower slopes are covered with dense forests of araucaria.
      Diameter at base (approx.):
      11 km (7 miles)
      Last eruption: unknow
      Open to visitors / climbing : Yes ..more

      In the Web:



    Volcán Lanín
    Image by ssimonecba

    more photos on Flickr.com



      Nearby volcanoes: Villarrica Quetrupillán Mocho-Choshuenco


      5. Santa Maria Volcano


      Location: Quetzaltenango, Guatemala
      Elevation: 3,772 m (12,375 ft)
      Type: Stratovolcano
      Description:
      Massive cone-shaped, forest-covered volcano, with a "burned" zone at south-west flank, a scar from the catastrophic eruption of 1902. From this zone emerged the very active Santiaguito volcano.
      Diameter at base (approx.):
      11 km (7 miles)
      Last eruption: 2010
      Nearby population: Quetzaltenango (0.3 million) is 4.6 miles (7.5 km) north. Small villages are all around the volcano.
      Open to visitors / climbing : Yes ..more

      In the Web:



    Santa Maria Volcano
    Image by mattchalmers79

    more photos on Flickr.com



      Nearby volcanoes: Cerro Quemado, Zunil, Santo Tomas, Chicabal, Siete Orejas


      6. Mount Meru


      Location: Tanzania
      Elevation: 4,566 m (14,980 ft)
      Prominence: 3,170 m ..more
      Listing: Ultra ..more
      Type: Stratovolcano
      Diameter at base (approx.):
      17 km (10.5 miles)
      Last eruption: 1910
      Open to visitors / climbing : Yes ..more

      In the Web:



    Mount Meru - Ash Cone
    Image by tik_tok

    more photos on Flickr.com



      Nearby volcanoes: Mount Kilimanjaro , Ngurdoto Crater


      7. Mount Erebus


      Location: Ross Island, Antarctica
      Elevation: 3,794 m (12,448 ft)
      Prominence: 3,794 m (12,448 ft) - No. 34 in the world ..more
      Listing: Ultra ..more
      Type: Stratovolcano
      Diameter at base (approx.):
      32.5 km (20.2 miles)
      Last eruption: 2010
      Open to visitors / climbing : Yes ..more

      In the Web:



    erebus from the north
    Image by Ed.Stockard

    more photos on Flickr.com



      Nearby volcanoes: Mount Terror, Mount Bird


      8. Mount Unzen


      Location: Shimabara Peninsula, Kyushu, Japan
      Elevation: 1,500 m (4,921 ft)
      Type: Stratovolcano
      Diameter at base:
      6.5 km (4 miles) - approx. due to overlapping with other peaks of this complex stratovolcano.
      Last eruption: 1996
      Open to visitors / climbing : Yes ..more

      In the Web:



    Mount Unzen
    Image by Sylvia SW Pang

    more photos on Flickr.com



      9. Galeras volcano


      Location: Nariño, Colombia
      Elevation: 4,276 m (14,029 ft)
      Type: Stratovolcano
      Diameter at base:
      12.5 km (7.8 miles)
      Last eruption: 2010
      Open to visitors / climbing : Yes

      In the Web:



    Erupcion Galeras
    Image by alexfel

    more photos on Flickr.com



      10. Mount Pinatubo


      Location: Luzon, Philippines
      Elevation: 1,485 m (4,872 ft)
      Type: Stratovolcano
      Diameter at base:
      16 km (10 miles)
      Last eruption: 1993
      Other data: There is a lake in the summit ..more
      Open to visitors / climbing : Yes

      In the Web:



    Mount Pinatubo Trek
    Image by Bubster Brown

    more photos on Flickr.com



        Page 1     Page 2

    to Know more:

    Recommended books:

    Spiders: The Ultimate Predators
    Spiders: The Ultimate Predators


    Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual
    Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual


    Spectacular Spiders
    Spectacular Spiders









    Copyrights:

      Wikipedia information about Volcanoes:
    This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License

    It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Volcano"

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